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What is Entity Framework Core, and how is it different from Entity Framework?

Entity Framework Core (EF Core) is an open-source, lightweight, and cross-platform Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) framework developed by Microsoft. It is designed to simplify and streamline the process of accessing and manipulating relational databases from .NET applications. EF Core is a part of the larger .NET Core ecosystem but can also be used with .NET Framework applications.

Entity Framework Core is a successor to Entity Framework (EF), but it is a complete rewrite and is not backwards compatible with previous versions of Entity Framework. The main differences between Entity Framework Core and Entity Framework are as follows:

  1. Platform Independence:
    Entity Framework was tightly integrated with the .NET Framework and was only available for Windows. On the other hand, Entity Framework Core is cross-platform and can run on various platforms, including Windows, macOS, and Linux. This makes it suitable for developing applications on a wider range of platforms.
  2. Performance and Lightweight:
    EF Core was built with performance in mind, making it faster and more lightweight than previous versions of Entity Framework. It has a smaller memory footprint and optimized querying capabilities.
  3. Provider Model:
    Entity Framework had a provider model that allowed it to work with different database engines through specific database providers. EF Core also follows a similar approach, but it has a more modular and extensible provider model. This allows for easier development of custom database providers or using community-contributed providers.
  4. Database Support:
    While Entity Framework supported a wide range of databases, EF Core initially had support for a more limited set of database providers. However, with each release, EF Core has been steadily increasing its database support and now covers most popular database systems.
  5. LINQ Improvements:
    EF Core has better support for LINQ (Language Integrated Query), allowing developers to write more complex queries and improve the performance of database interactions.
  6. No Lazy Loading by Default:
    In Entity Framework, lazy loading (loading related entities on-demand) was enabled by default, which could lead to performance issues. In EF Core, lazy loading is not enabled by default, and you need to explicitly enable it if desired.
  7. Maturity and Feature Set:
    Entity Framework was introduced much earlier and had a more mature feature set compared to EF Core's initial release. Over time, EF Core has been catching up and adding features, but there may still be some advanced features in Entity Framework that are not yet available in EF Core.

Despite these differences, both Entity Framework and Entity Framework Core are powerful tools for working with databases in .NET applications. The choice between the two depends on factors such as platform requirements, performance considerations, database support, and the level of development community support needed.

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