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Select statement in SQL Server

The SELECT statement in SQL Server is used to retrieve data from one or more tables in a database. It allows you to specify the columns to retrieve, the table(s) to query, and any filtering or sorting conditions. Here's the basic syntax for the SELECT statement:


SELECT column1, column2, ...
FROM table_name
WHERE condition
ORDER BY column

Let's break down each component of the SELECT statement:

  • SELECT: Specifies the columns to retrieve from the table(s). You can either specify individual column names or use * to retrieve all columns.
  • FROM: Specifies the table(s) from which to retrieve the data.
  • WHERE: Optional clause that allows you to specify conditions to filter the rows. Only rows that satisfy the specified conditions will be returned.
  • ORDER BY: Optional clause that allows you to specify the column(s) to sort the result set. You can specify one or more columns and choose ascending (ASC) or descending (DESC) order.

Here are some examples of using the SELECT statement in SQL Server:

1- Retrieve all columns from a table:


SELECT *
FROM Customers;

This example retrieves all columns from the "Customers" table.

2- Retrieve specific columns from a table:


SELECT FirstName, LastName, Email
FROM Employees;

In this example, only the "FirstName," "LastName," and "Email" columns are retrieved from the "Employees" table.

3- Retrieve rows with a specific condition:


SELECT *
FROM Orders
WHERE OrderDate >= '2022-01-01';

This example retrieves all columns from the "Orders" table where the "OrderDate" is greater than or equal to '2022-01-01'.

4- Retrieve sorted results:


SELECT ProductName, UnitPrice
FROM Products
ORDER BY UnitPrice DESC;

Here, the "ProductName" and "UnitPrice" columns are retrieved from the "Products" table, and the results are sorted in descending order based on the "UnitPrice" column.

The SELECT statement is the fundamental query statement in SQL Server. It allows you to retrieve specific columns or all columns from one or more tables, filter the rows based on specified conditions, and sort the result set. By using various clauses, you can customize your query to meet specific data retrieval requirements.

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