What are Programming Languages?Types of softwaresC IntroductionC HistoryC FeaturesC ApplicationsCharacter set, ASCII TableC Programming Language Standard
Turbo C++ editor installationExploring the Turbo C++ EnvironmentC Hellow world programHow a C Program ExecuteCompilation process in C
C #include statementC Displaying OutputC Reading input from the terminalC Data typesC VariablesC Variable Naming ConventionsC ConstantsC Identifiers & Naming RulesC LiteralsC CommentsC KeywordsC Type QualifiersC TokensC Format SpecifiersC Escape SequencesC preprocessorASCII value in CStatic in CWhat are Compiler ErrorsWhat are Compiler WarningsWhat are Linker ErrorsWhat are Runtime ErrorsWhat are Logical ErrorsCompile time vs RuntimeC program to displays your name  C - Basics Practice Test.1  C - Basics Practice Test.2  C - Basics Practice Test.3  C - Basics Practice Test.4  C - Basics Practice Test.5
C Arithmetic OperatorsC Assignment OperatorsC Relational OperatorsC Logical OperatorsC Increment & Decrement OperatorsC Conditional or Ternary OperatorC Bitwise OperatorsC Type CastingC Sizeof OperatorC Comma OperatorC Operators Precedence and AssociativityC ExpressionsC Evaluation of Expressions  C - Operators Practice Test.1  C - Operators Practice Test.2  C - Operators Practice Test.3
Input-Output Library FunctionsNon-Formatted Input and OutputCharacter Oriented Library FunctionsFormatted Library FunctionsMathematical Library Functions  C - Input-Output Functions Practice Test.1
C ifC if-elseC nested if-elseC if-else-ifC switch-caseC if vs switch-caseC LoopsC while loopC do-while loopC while vs do-whileC for loopC for vs WhileC Nested LoopsC Jump Control structuresC break statementC continue statementC goto statementC continue vs goto statementC return statementC goto vs return statement  C - Control Statements Practice Test.1  C - Control Statements Practice Test.2  C - Control Statements Practice Test.3
C FunctionsC Advantages of Using FunctionsC Function PrototypeC Basic Function DesignsC Programs Using FunctionsC ScopeC Local Variable and Global VariableWhy int main() return 03 Place to declare functionsC RecursionC Base Condition in RecursionC Iteration vs RecursionC Stack Overflow Error in RecursionC Nested functionsC Variable Length Number of ArgumentsC Parameter Passing – Call by value and Call by RefC Passing Strings to FunctionsImplementation of square() functionImplementation of factorial() functionImplementation of pow(x, n) functionImplementation of reverse(int) functionImplementation of countDigits(int) functionImplementation of palindrome(int) functionImplementation of primeNumber(int) function  C - Functions Practice Test.1  C - Functions Practice Test.2
What is Array?One dimensional ArrayAccessing element of 1D arrayReading and displaying elementsPrograms on 1D ArraysTwo Dimensional ArrayAccessing Element of 2D ArrayReading and Displaying ElementsPrograms on 2D ArraysPassing 1D arrays to FunctionsPassing 2D arrays to FunctionsThree Dimensional Array  C - Array Practice Test.1  C - Array Practice Test.2
Strings in CStoring StringsC The String DelimiterC String Literals (String Constants)C Strings vs. CharactersC Declaring and Initialization of StringsC Strings and the Assignment OperatorC String Input Functions / Reading StringsC String Output Functions / Writing StringsC fscanf() and fprintf() FunctionsC Single Character Library FunctionsC String Manipulation Library FunctionsC Programs Using Character ArraysC Array of StringsC Programs Using Array of Strings  C - Strings Practice Test.1  C - Strings Practice Test.2
Pointers in CUnderstanding Memory AddressesDeclare and Initialize Pointer VariablePointer Operators in Csizeof() Operator in CPointer Advantages and DisadvantagesDereferencing/Redirecting Pointer VariablesPointer Declaration versus RedirectionConst Pointer in CVoid Pointer in CNull Pointer in CC Pointer CompatibilityArray of PointersPointer to PointerPointer ArithmeticC Functions Returning PointersC Pointer to FunctionPointers and One-Dimensional ArrayPointers and Two-Dimensional ArrayPointers and StringsDynamic Memory Allocation Functions  C - Pointers Practice Test.1  C - Pointers Practice Test.2  C - Pointers Practice Test.3
Previous
Next

C - Comma Operator

The comma operator in C is used to separate expressions within a statement. It allows you to evaluate multiple expressions sequentially, from left to right, and the value of the entire expression is the value of the rightmost expression. The expressions are separated by commas (','). The primary use of the comma operator is to combine multiple expressions into a single statement.

The general syntax of the comma operator is as follows: 


expression1, expression2, expression3, ..., expressionN

Here are some key points to understand about the comma operator:

  • 'Evaluation Order': The expressions separated by commas are evaluated in left-to-right order. This means that expression1 is evaluated first, followed by expression2, and so on.
  • 'Value': The value of the entire comma-separated expression is the value of expressionN, which is the rightmost expression. The values of the other expressions are calculated but discarded.
  • 'Side Effects': The comma operator is often used when you want to perform multiple operations in a single statement, especially when there are side effects in the expressions. For example, you can use it to update multiple variables or perform multiple function calls within a single line.

Here's an example of using the comma operator to update multiple variables in a single statement: 


#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int x = 5, y = 10, z;

    // Using the comma operator to update multiple variables
    z = (x++, y++, x + y);

    printf("x = %d, y = %d, z = %d\n", x, y, z);

    return 0;
}

In this example, (x++, y++, x + y) uses the comma operator to evaluate x++, y++, and x + y sequentially. The values of x and y are updated, and z is assigned the value of x + y. When you print the values ofx, y, and z, you will see that x and y have been updated, and z contains their sum.

The comma operator is a simple but powerful tool for writing concise code when you need to perform multiple operations in a single statement. However, it should be used judiciously to maintain code readability.

Previous
Next